Cold Room Design – Engineering Approach

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COLD ROOM DESIGN – ENGINEERING APPROACH

Heat Load Calculation

A precise heat load calculation is performed considering:

  • Product load (entry temperature, pull-down time, daily turnover)
  • Wall/ceiling/floor insulation losses
  • Infiltration load due to door openings
  • Lighting, fan motors & human occupancy
  • Ambient temperature and humidity

We use ASHRAE-based calculation methods ensuring accurate refrigeration capacity selection.

PUFF PANELS – STRUCTURE & PERFORMANCE

Panel Material

  • Rigid Polyurethane Foam (PUF)
  • Density: 40 ± 2 kg/m³
  • Thermal conductivity: 0.018–0.020 W/mK

Panels Thickness (based on temperature)

  • 60 mm – +10°C to +20°C
  • 80 mm – 0°C to +10°C
  • 100 mm – -5°C to -18°C
  • 120 mm / 150 mm – -18°C to -30°C

Outer Sheet Options

  • Pre-Painted Galvanized Iron (PPGI)
  • Stainless Steel (SS304)
  • Aluminium (Stucco finish)

Technical Benefits

  • High insulation factor
  • Low energy consumption
  • Hygienic, washable, fire-resistant
  • Cam-lock mechanism for airtight joints

REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS – TECHNICAL DETAILS

Compressor Types

  • Hermetically Sealed Compressors (for small cold rooms)
  • Semi-Hermetic Compressors (Bitzer / Emerson / Dorin)
  • Scroll Compressors (for medium temp)
  • Two-Stage Compressors (for deep freezing)

Refrigerant Options

  • R404A – Standard for low temperature
  • R134a – Medium temperature
  • R448A / R449A – Eco-friendly options
  • R22 – Legacy systems (not recommended)

System Classification

Unit Coolers (Evaporators):
  • • High CFM airflow
  • • Copper tubes with aluminium fins
  • • Anti-corrosion coating (epoxy) available
  • • Defrost: Electric / Hot Gas
Condensing Units:
  • • Air-cooled / Water-cooled
  • • EC / Axial fan motor
  • • Overload protection
  • • Crankcase heater for compressor

Electrical & Safety Features

  • Phase failure protection
  • High/low pressure cut-out
  • Thermostat / Digital Temperature Controller
  • MCB/ELCB-based isolation
  • Copper refrigerant piping with proper insulation

ENTRY DOORS – SPECIFICATIONS

Types

  • Hinged Doors (Manual)
  • Sliding Doors (Manual / Automatic)

Technical Features

  • 60–120 mm PUFF insulation
  • PVC gasket for air sealing
  • Inside safety release
  • Door heater (for freezers) to prevent freezing
  • Heavy-duty hinges and handles

FLOORING SOLUTIONS

Options

  • Aluminium chequered plate
  • Anti-slip patterned sheet
  • Marine plywood with insulation
  • Epoxy flooring (for high hygiene zones)

Technical Considerations

  • Heavy load bearing
  • Moisture-proof layers
  • Thermal bridging protection
  • Vapour barrier installation

TEMPERATURE RANGES & APPLICATIONS

Chillers (0°C to +10°C)

For fruits, vegetables, dairy, beverages.

Freezers (-18°C to -25°C)

For frozen food, ice cream, meat.

Blast Freezers (-30°C to -40°C)

For rapid freezing of meat, seafood & bakery.

Blast Chillers (+2°C to +4°C)

For hotel and industrial kitchens.

AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS

Controllers

  • Fully digital temperature controllers
  • PLC-integrated systems
  • Remote monitoring (optional)

Monitoring Features

  • Temperature & humidity logs
  • Alarm for temp deviation
  • Door opening monitoring
  • Compressor health monitoring

AMC & SERVICE – TECHNICAL OPERATIONS

Routine Checks

  • Suction/discharge pressure
  • Superheat & subcooling
  • Coil cleanliness
  • Refrigerant leak test
  • Compressor oil level

Preventive Maintenance

  • Defrost cycle tuning
  • Sensor calibration
  • Electrical tightening
  • Gas charging
  • Drain line clearing